Funding partners

Funding was also provided by the joint NIFA-NSF-NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease award 2019-67015-29918.


Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

This project was supported by Critical Agriculture and Research and Extension grant no. 2018-68008-27890 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.



Kim VanderWaal's faculty position was created as part of the Agricultural Research, Education, Extension, and Technology Transfer (AGREETT) program, funded by the Minnesota legislature.

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.